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Corrosion (rust) is a process where
chemical reactions take place through the exchange of electrons. The
corrosion reactions that would otherwise naturally occur can be
inhibited by preventing the exchange of electrons.
Since there needs to be steel, water and free
electrons present for rust to form, eliminating any one of these
agents will prevent rust.
One rust prevention method is to insulate the metal
from water (moisture) and oxygen by covering it with a protective coating such
as spray-on type rustproofing (rust proofing), undercoating or paint.
Another method is Capacitive Coupling, used by some
products, which relies on the paint as a dielectric or barrier to the
free electrons, causing the metal to be at a lower potential
difference, theoretically slowing rust formation.
Cathodic Protection is another method used to
prevent rust using one of two technologies; either Impressed Current
or Sacrificial Anode.
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